Review Of The Book The First Crusaders - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 826 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/07/26 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Crusades Essay Did you like this example? This paper will discuss how Jonathan Riley-Smiths book The First Crusaders 1095-1131 evidences a different reasoning for the time and cause of the First Crusade. In high school, the brief mention our instructor gave of The Crusades we were taught that it was either for financial gain or for the expanding of a Nobles lands. The book The First Crusaders gives a more logical reasoning for those of West-European Christians to pick up a weapon and reclaim the holy lands that were invaded by Muslim conquerors. The First Crusade was in 1095 in answer to the Turkish subjugation of Christian Asia Minor, on top of the previous Arab takeover of the Christian-held Holy Land. Over the last few years older simple explanations, such as: religious (Christian) millennial hysteria, the want for land, basic material greed, or the want of lands and/or prestige for noble non-first born sons were given as the reasoning for this act. However Riley-Smith shows us that Christians, from serf to royalty, answered Pope Urban IIs exclamation of Deus vult. Pope Urban II just merged war and pilgrimage into what we now call a Crusade. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Review Of The Book The First Crusaders" essay for you Create order The First Crusade wasnt just a war, it was a holy war being made holy not by the objective but by the Crusaders obedience in going to war. This is what makes it different from what came before. The Crusade was a pilgrimage and thus an act of penance. Crusaders who assumed the challenge with true purpose after confessing their sins received a plenary indulgence. This indulgence was acknowledgment that the Crusader accepted these sacrifices for Christ. Riley-Smith writes how these sacrifices were extraordinary, and the costs of crusading were outrageous. Only a few closely related families achieved the dominance and power in the Crusades. Lacking financial help, only the wealthy could afford expenses of a Crusade and countless noble families ruined themselves financially by Crusading. Historians have for a while acknowledged that the romanticized appearance of the Crusader as a fortune hunter seeking his treasure is just wrong. Any treasure gotten never equaled what was spent on their travels. The bulk of Crusaders went home as quickly as they satisfied their oath, if they could go home at all. Current studies indicate that roughly one-third of the knights and nobility died on this campaign. The death ratio for the lower classes was much higher. As Riley-Smith has written, campaigning was seen as an act of devotion   specifically showing the love of God and the love of neighbors. By pushing back Muslim aggression and restoring Eastern Christianity. At great risk to themselves, the Crusaders were imitating the Good Samaritan. Under no circumstances can one understand the Crusades without knowing that eras Christian penitential oddity. It was the indulgence that directed thousands of men of different social classes to take on this pilgrimage or crusade that definitely cost them greatly. The lay aristocracy of medieval Europe was warrior nobility, making their living by the sword. Riley-Smith shows from their wills and charters that they intensely knew their own impiety, and were concerned over the state of their souls. A Crusade delivered an opportunity for them to serve God and atone for their sins. It permitted them to use these same weapons as for their deliverance rather than for their damnation to hell. The 11th Century Roman Catholic Church claimed that its motives for the First Crusade was sacred, based solely on religious principles. Pope Urban II still made it a point to use theatrics and play to his audience of warriors-caste to excite knights into going to fight in the eastern lands held by the Muslims (57). When Urban II called the First Crusade in 1095, he formed an ideal that was used for centuries. The parallelism of a Crusaders sacrifice to that of Christ, the penitence, and the issuance of indulgences were a combination that many western European men couldnt refuse. Jonathan Riley-Smith admittedly uses a computer database built for him in 1987. Entering information from various charters, old legal paperwork, clerical sources, and other sources allow him to categorize historical information to where it is much easier accessed and processed. In doing this he originally was trying to find information on why men and women took the cross (01) and yet only a few families that did prosper from the First Crusade. He amassed enough information to where he started having a few new questions and this book is the result. The book The First Crusaders 1095-1131 definitely shows Riley Smith can prove a point. In this book he shows where a large majority of the Crusaders did not profit in their expeditions to the Holy Lands. He shows where many of the warrior class werent expecting to profit in a physical sense. The wars temporarily removed Muslim rule from much of once Christian lands which was the objective of what they were there for in the first place.   Works Cited Riley-Smith, Jonathan. The First Crusaders 1095-1131. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998

An Sociological Study And What We Call Sociological...

In these postmodern times where what was is no longer, or another power, we live in constant change. But man is trapped in their daily lives, he lives in a moral paralysis without fully accept that life affects you, it affects society because both are considered together. Our time is characterized by malaise and indifference, lack of values and feel threatened. The task of the social scientist is to clarify the elements of contemporary uneasiness and indifference. Today the information exceeds the capacity of assimilation, and mental quality that helps to use that information and to develop reason is needed, which is the basis for the sociological study and what we call sociological imagination. The sociological imagination are the fundamental features of intellectual endeavor and cultural sensibility. The ability of the imagination is able to move from a social perspective to another. In our reality there is a man / society interrelation - I / the world. The knowledge of that relationship is the subject of our study. The distinction with which the sociological imagination works is born between the personal concerns of the environment and public issues of social structure. The promise of social science goes against the pretentious mediocrity of much of the sociological work because there is a general malaise of contemporary intellectual life; urgent need today feels meaningful work and importance. And, the social researcher who take their traditions in theirShow MoreRelatedSociological Imagination Summary1307 Words   |  6 PagesAns: In the book â€Å"The Sociological Imagination†, the author C. Wright Mills begins by describing the perilous situation of the American man during the 1950s. He describes they situation as one of internment and frailty. Mills sees men as restricted by the routines of their daily lives. They go to their jobs and become workers, they go home and are family men. 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Case Study Four Ethical Dilemma

Question: Discuss about theCase Study Four Ethical Dilemma. Answer: Introduction The different stakeholders involved in Elsies case included the Residential Aged Care Facility (RAC), nurse manager, the paramedics, the R.N. and Elsies family. Both the RAC and nurse manager had details of Elsies medical history and should have ensured that an advanced care directive (ACD) was signed on the same day that Elsie was moved into the facility. The paramedics were stakeholders in the case because they attempted to resuscitate Elsie against her wishes. The Registered Nurse (RN) on duty was the one who insisted Elsie to be taken to hospital when she developed the complications. Elsies family was also a stakeholder in the case as they knew Elsies wishes, they took her to the RAC and failed to ensure that she signed an ACD before they left the facility. The stakeholders might have caused Elsies death in one way or the other. Ethical and Legal Conflicts Elsies case presents a legal and ethical conflict. Whereas the guiding principles of the Australian charter of healthcare rights ensure that every Australian citizen gets high quality care that is safe from any health care facility, they also advocate for the patients rights to be involved in decisions involving their lives. In this case, the RAC, nurse manager, the paramedics and the R.N. were ethically obliged to provide quality care Elsie. According to Freegard and Istead (2012), the approach of health care in Australia is that health care professionals are supposed to return the human mind or body to a healthy state after episodes of ill health. This supposes that every person who experiences ill health shows up for health care services/to practitioner expecting and hoping that health care professionals would intervene and restore them to good health. The ethical and legal conflict in this case arises from the fact that the decision of the patient required consideration while health care professionals worked to restore her health. The paramedics and the R.N. are legally bound to ensure that the patient got the best quality care. However, these professionals are also bound to ensure that whichever decision they make, the patient is involved. Elsies decision was that she did not want to be taken anywhere and she wanted to be left as she was, in the suffering state she was in. It was not right for the healthcare professionals to leave her alone, knowing that if they did nothing, she would have died. She finally died and Elsies family are of the opinion that Elsies decision to be left as she was was not considered. Consideration of How the Conflicts Affect Stakeholders The RAC and nurse manager have the responsibility of ensuring that every person admitted in the facility receive the appropriate guidance. These stakeholders had details of Elsies medical history which informed them that Elsies health condition might worsen any moment, like it happened later. Although the Nurse Manager understood this and he/she even suggested for an advanced care directive (ACD), he/she did not insist to see that it was signed as soon as possible. After making the suggestion on Tuesday, the Nurse Manager should have called the family to ensure that the document was signed by the following day. The ACD could have guided the R.N. and the paramedics and the patient might have lived for more days. When Elsie developed complications on Friday night, it was the responsibility of the Registered Nurse on duty to ensure that her health was restored. The RN called the ambulance and insisted that she be taken to hospital for treatment. The R.N. was ethically and legally right on the action he/she took. Elsie did not have an ACD that would have prevented the R.N. from taking her to hospital. The only thing threatening his/her actions is the fact that Elsie wanted to be left alone but the R.N. denied her that wish. Elsies condition was an emergency and the R.N. would not have waste much time consulting the patients family. The paramedics on the other hand did their job as legally and ethically required. Paramedics respond to emergencies. In this case, when the R.N. called the ambulance, the paramedics arrived at the facility quickly. While in the vehicle to the hospital, Elsie suffered a cardiac arrest and the paramedics did their work of providing first aid through attempts to resuscitate her. According to Waldrop et al. (2014), paramedics spend more than additional 1200 hours training for advanced treatments and at least 110 hours for basic life-saving training. Their responsibility is threatened by the fact that Elsie had told them to leave her as she was and by the fact that she died. If Elsie did not die, the stakeholders might not have been sued by Elsies family. Dignity and Rights of Stakeholders Every person has the right to humanity, dignity and equality. Human rights Act provides a comprehensive legislative framework that protects people from any form of discrimination in order to promote fairness and equality (Book). The RAC facility is legally expected to ensure that every resident enjoys the right to quality care; full information about their health state; live in secure, homelike and safe environments; and maintains control over decisions in their daily lives (Leditshke, Crispin and Bestic, 2015; Jackson and Irwin, 2011; Parandeh et al., 2016). In this case, the nurses, the facility and the paramedics get attributed dignity as a result of how they treated Elsie. These health care professionals seemed to understand Elsies individual needs, they showed her sensitivity and compassion and they treated her in a way that people would equally be treated. Virtues and Principles of Health Care Ethics that Inform Professional Practice Nurses and paramedics involved in Elsies case seemed to hold virtues of a health care profession. According to Newham (2015), health care professionals who seek excellence in their work seek the virtues of benevolence, respect, compassion, justice, integrity, self-effacement, care, prudence, friendliness and sincerity. The compassion of the R.N. on duty made her feel sympathetic of how Elsie was feeling and was concerned for her suffering. Although Elsie requested to be left as she was, the nurse and paramedics worked hard enough to try and make her feel better. These professionals acted in the patients interest, acted in good faith and did not intend to harm Elsie. Relevant Codes of Ethics and Codes of Professional Conduct Several codes of ethics are relevant in Elsies case. Value statement 1 states that nurses value excellent nursing (Scully, 2015). The Nurse manager and R.N. on duty had to do what was right, on reasonable grounds, in order to keep the standard of nursing care they provide high. Just like all nurses, nurses in this case recognized that Elsie was entitled to quality nursing care and had to strive and secure it for her. According to value statement 1, nurses have the obligation to question nursing care that seems illegal or unethical (Hodkinson, 2011). The R.N. on duty participated to minimize risks for Elsie by insisting that she be transported to hospital. Although it was against Elsies wish, health care professionals wanted to ensure that she received quality care. Codes of ethics value statement 4 state that nurses value the access to quality nursing. This ethical statement requires the nurses to ensure that they uphold standards and principles of the right health and nursing care in terms of quality and safety, acceptability, availability and accessibility (Silvester et al., 2015; Tuckett, 2015). For Elsies case, despite her being 88 years and in a RAC, the R.N. wanted to ensure that she had access to quality care by calling an ambulance to take her to hospital. Value statement 5 states that nurses always value decision-making that is informed (White et al., 2014). On Tuesday, the Nurse Manager suggested that Elsie filled an advanced care directive (ACD). He/she wanted Elsie to make an informed and free decision, which she agreed to when her family members visited on Sunday. Although this did not happen, an advanced care directive (ACD) would have made the case to be different, in that Elsies decision was in writing, and therefore more bindin g. Value statement 7 in the code of ethics states that nurses value ethical information management. This code requires nurses to manage information professionally and with integrity (Johnstone, 2016). When Elsie was admitted in the RAC, her information concerning medical history was accurately recorded. It was on the basis of such records that the Nurse Manager suggested that she filled an ACD. Two codes of professional conduct apply to this case. Conduct statement 4 requires nurses to respect patients culture, beliefs and values. Nurses are supposed to protect and promote interests of the people they care for (Schadewaldt et al, 2016). The registered nurse on duty and the paramedics failed in this conduct as they did not consider Elsies interests. When she asked to be left as she was, the R.N. and paramedics ignored her interest and went on to provide care the way they knew best. The Nurse Manager had been informed that her family was aware of her wishes. Since the nurses did not want to consider her request of being left alone, they could have consulted her family, before it was too late, for the knowledge of Elsies interests and wishes. Conduct statement 7 requires nurses to provide support on the wellbeing, decision making and health of the patient. In accordance to this conduct, nurses are expected to inform people requiring care on the way forward when a partner, family member health interpreter or a friend is nominated to be their decision maker (Gonzlez-De Paz et al, 2012). In Elsies case, her family was aware of her wishes. However, the nurses should have provided Elsie with more information on how family was supposed to help her on decision making. Legally and Ethically Defensible Resolution to the Conflicts Elsies family argued that Elsies death was as a result of the stress she endured because of being moved from RAC facility to the hospital. It was wrong of them to sue the paramedics, the RAC facility and the R.N. for battery and assault. The R.N. and the RAC facility ethically and legally did what they were obliged to do. When Elsies condition worsened, they did what every other nurse, in good faith, would have done. Like any other health care professionals, the nurse acted in an attempt to return her ailing body to the state of health (Jones, 2016). RACs and Nurses hopes were that the interventions that they engaged in would have restored her health. Basically, the nurse and the facility acted within their ethical and legal boundaries. It was also wrong to sue the paramedics for attempting to resuscitate Elsie. Paramedics operate within the communities where they are exposed to professional liabilities. It is very important that they solidly understand ethics and law in order to avoid liability. Like in Elsies case, the failure of paramedics to perform their job as required by the legal community, jurisdiction regulations and the medical fraternity exposes them to criminal and/or civil liability. They paramedics who attempted to resuscitate Elsie seemed to understand all these as they did their job after determining that there were no ACDs such as the Do-Not-resuscitate order (Roth, 2014). The paramedics acted according to their three primary ethical principles which includes acting in good faith; not harming the patient; and acting in the best interest of the patient. In conclusion, the basic standards and freedoms considered by societies to belong to people are human rights. They enable all human beings to live with dignity. The right personal freedom, right to liberty and right to life are the fundamental principles in the discourse of human rights. Once health care professionals interfere with any one of them, the patient is considered less human and dignity is lost. Elsie was treated with dignity by the Nurse Manager, the R.N. on duty and the paramedics. Her death was not because of anyones negligence or unethical behavior. Although the RAC facility was supposed to ensure that Elsie filled an advanced care directive as soon as possible, it was nobodys fault that she died. The court case against paramedics, RAC facility and the R.N. should be terminated unconditionally. References Freegard, H. Isted, L. (2012). Ethical Practice for Health Professionals. (2nd ed.). Melbourne: Cengage Gonzlez-De Paz, L., Kostov, B., Sis-Almirall, A., Zabalegui-Yrnoz, A. (2012). A Rasch Analysis of Nurses' Ethical Sensitivity to the Norms of the Code of Conduct. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21(19/20), 2747-2760. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04137.x Hodkinson, K. (2011). How Should A Nurse Approach Truth-Telling? A Virtue Ethics Perspective. Nursing Philosophy, 9(4), 248-256. doi:10.1111/j.1466-769X.2008.00370.x Jackson, A. Irwin, W. (2011). Dignity, Humanity and Equality: Principle of Nursing Practice A. Nursing Standard, 25(28), 35-37. https://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2011.03.25.28.35.c8396 Johnstone, M. (2016). Key Milestones in the Operationalization of Professional Nursing Ethics in Australia: A Brief Historical Overview. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, 33(4), 35-45. Jones, S. (2016). Ethically Questionable Situations. Australian Nursing Midwifery Journal, 24(2), 48 Leditshke, A., Crispin, T., Bestic, J. (2015). Advance Care Directives in Residential Aged Care. Nursing Home Patients, 44(4), 186-190. Newham, R. A. (2015). Virtue Ethics and Nursing: On What Grounds? Nursing Philosophy, 16(1), 40-50. doi:10.1111/nup.12063 Parandeh, A., Khaghanizade, M., Mohammadi, E., Mokhtari-Nouri, J. (2016). Nurses Human Dignity in Education and Practice: An Integrated Literature Review. Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 21(8). https://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1735-9066.174750 Schadewaldt, V., McInnes, E., Hiller, J. E., Gardner, A. (2016). Experiences of Nurse Practitioners and Medical Practitioners Working In Collaborative Practice Models in Primary Healthcare in Australia. A Multiple Case Study Using Mixed Methods. BMC Family Practice, 171-16. doi: 10.1186/s12875-016-0503-2 Scully, A. (2015). Who owns your Code of Ethics? Australian Nursing Journal, 2(11), 30. Silvester, W., Fullam, R., Parslow, R., Lewis, V., Sjanta, R., Jackson, L. et al. (2012). Quality of Advance Care Planning Policy and Practice in Residential Aged Care Facilities in Australia. BMJ Supportive Palliative Care, 3(3), 349-357. https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2012-000262 Roth, L. (2014). Advance Care Directives. NSW Parliamentary Research Service. Tuckett, A. G. (2015). Residents Rights and Nurses Ethics in the Australian Nursing Home. International Nursing Review, 52(3), 219-224. doi:10.1111/j.1466-7657.2005.00429.x Waldrop, D. P., Clemency, B., Maguin, E., Lindstrom, H. (2014). Preparation for Frontline End-of-Life Care: Exploring the Perspectives of Paramedics and Emergency Medical Technicians. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 17(3), 338-341. doi:10.1089/jpm.2013.0442 White, B., Tilse, C., Wilson, J., Rosenman, L., Strub, T., Feeney, R., Silvester, W. (2014). Prevalence and Predictors of Advance Directives in Australia. Internal Medicine Journal, 44(10), 975-980. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imj.12549

Citi Trends External and Internal Environmental Analysis Essay Example

Citi Trends External and Internal Environmental Analysis Paper his paper will include an external and internal environmental analysis of Cit Trends, including the most important external environmental factor in the remote, industry, and operating environments, the most important internal strengths and weaknesses, an assessment of their resources, and an assessment of their competitive position and possibilities. Most Important External Factors in the Remote Environment Factors that Cit Trends cannot control make up the remote environment. The remote environment of Cit Trends includes economic factors, social factors, political factors, and technological factors (Frenzy, 2012). Cit Trends Economic Factors Cit Trends most important economic factors are a fall in customer transactions and below normal total price of customer purchases. The main reason for these factors was a defying economy for their essential customers. The downfall in the economy has had a large impact on many businesses. Customers have not been spending the money they used to spend and some have stopped shopping altogether for name brand clothing settling for heaper brands to stretch their dollar because of a low economy (Form 10-K for Cit Trends Inc. 2012). Cit Trends Social Factors Changes in fashion trends are a major social factor for Cit Trends. The clothing industry universally and Cit Trends essential customers are specifically exposed to quickly changing fashion trends. Cit Trends will have to expect and identify any changes in fashion trends so they can make appropriate changes in the products they carry (Cit Trends Inc. Form 1 0-K, 2011). Cit Trends political Factors An increase in minimum wages is one of the main political factors that will have effects on Cit Trends. We will write a custom essay sample on Citi Trends External and Internal Environmental Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Citi Trends External and Internal Environmental Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Citi Trends External and Internal Environmental Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Cit Trends present employees and new hires will have to make at least the new federal minimum wage of $7. 25 per hour. This means any employees currently working at a rate of below $7. 5 per hour will have to be raised to a level of pay at or above this rate. The increase in minimum wages could have an opposing effect on Cit Trends financial situation and their results of operations (Cit Trends Inc. Form 1 0-K, 2011 Cit Trends Technological Factors Todays technology progresses at a fast rate. Cit Trends uses many information technology systems, such as IBM computer systems, software programs to support many areas of its business, point-of-sale software to operate its cash registers, hand-held scanners to mark sown and reticent merchandise, and software from Workday to process payroll and simplify unman capital management processes. They have to stay up-to-date on any upgrades and updates needed to their software to perform satisfactory business operations (Cit Trends Inc. Form 1 0-K, 2011). Cit Trends P. E. S. T Analysis Valetudinarianisms Laws, Current Federal Minimum Wage Law, proposed New Federal Minimum Wage Law, Antitrust Laws, Fair Trade Decisions, Tax Programs I Economist current recession of the home economy in the United States, Current recession of the Global economy I Socializing trends, stores located in inner city locations in tough areas whose annual should income ranges from targeting specifically the urban African-American shopper I Technological developments in software, Upgrades and updates in current software currently being used by Cit Trends, Replacement solutions for any out-of-date information technology currently in use Most Important External Factors in Industry Environment The retail clothing industry in the united States has about 100,000 stores nationwide and collects a shared SSL 50 billion in proceeds annually. The industry is very intense the 50 biggest companies bring in 65% of the entire industry incomes. Most of the companies are specialized and have found a particular market of customers to please. The size of companies making up the industry ranges from small independently owned shops to large department stores (Fulcrum Inquiry, 2010). Most Important External Factors in Operating Environment The operating environment includes customers, creditors, investors, employees, the marketing environment, and how Cit Trends uses and obtains resources (Frenzy, 2012). The external operating environment consists of Cit Trends competitive position, their customer profile, their reputation mongo suppliers, their reputation among creditors, and accessible labor market. Cit Trends Customer Profile Cit Trends caters to urban African-American consumers. They provide clothing and accessories for men, women, and children (Haynes Publishing Group, 201 1). They sell hip-hop jeans and over-sized t-shirts to younger consumers as well (Reference for Business Company History Index, 2012). Cit Trends Reputation among Suppliers Cit Trends upholds sound sourcing relationships with a large group of suppliers. They have bought merchandise from around 1,000 vendors in a 12 onto period. They buy merchandise through planned programs with vendors at reduced prices and resourcefully through close-outs. To promote vendor relationships, they pay vendors on time and seldom ask for typical retail reductions like promotional and markdown allowances (Form 10-K for Cit Trends, 2012). Cit Trends Reputation among Creditors Cit Trends maintains a good reputation with its creditors. On October 27, 201 1 they entered a $50 million dollar line of credit with Bank of America that replaced a prior $20 million dollar line of credit. With the new line of credit Cit Trends has the capability to increase the line of credit to $75 million. Cit Trends has not borrowed any money with either the new or old line of credit (Cit Trends Inc. ? Form 1 0-Q, 2012). Accessible Labor Market Cit Trends employs 5,300 employees as of 2012. They have 108 executives at their Savannah, Georgia location alone (Hooker, 2012). Cit Trends rates below average in their number of employees among other like compan ies. The whole workforce of the apparel stores industry is estimated to have about 304,450 employees. Cit Trends employs 85. 65% fewer employees than the services sector, 81. 4% fewer that the apparel stores industry, and 78. 8% fewer than the total number of employees for all stocks. Cit Trends uses the Internet as a means of filing a job application for employment with them (MicroVAXs, 2012). Number Of Employees among Related Companies (MicroVAXs, 2012) Cit Trends Most Important Strengths Cit Trends effectively TA regrets the African-American culture of shoppers. Nearly 70% of their customer base is African-American. This is achieved by being able to locate stores in the neighborhoods where this particular demographic is located. They also carry mainly urban apparel, brands, and a mall home dcord section that focuses on the black culture (Business Library, 2006). Cit Trends can sell name brands of clothing and accessories at a low price. They sell name brands, such as Apple Bottoms, FEB., Rockaway, Path Farm, Baby Path, Sean Jean, and Decides. Cit Trends sells these name brands at 20 to 60% below the prices of department stores (Business Library, 2006). This merchandising puts them in a position for continued growth and profits. Cit Trends is a family oriented store. They carry apparel and accessories for the entire family, men, women, and children. Some of their competition like Dots and Rainbow also target African-American shoppers but they carry mainly womens apparel (Business Library, 2006). Cit Trends has an effective buying team. They believe looks are more important than the brand. The look has to be right first and the brand second. The buying team is trend-driven and can focus on key looks in season instead of concentrating on specific name brands. They purchase apparel worldwide at exceptional prices to pass the value on to the customers (Business Library, 2006). Cit Trends Most Important Weaknesses Cit Trends has a large turnover in employees. In 2005 and 2006 they had a 0% turnover rate in store managers alone. They also have a considerable turnover rate in sales associates. Many of the employees they hire as sales associates lack experience and must be properly trained (Cit Trends Inc. Form 10-K, 2011). Store shrinkage is another weakness. 50-70% of Cit Trends shrinkage was coming from employee theft, including merchandise being taken out the back door, and cashiers performing falsified voids. Another substantial portion of loss was coming from shoplifting and burglary (Verify, 2012). Assessment of Cit Trends Resources Cit Trends has many valuable resources. They take pride in their inventory that includes name brand and private label apparel for the entire family, accessories to accent the apparel, and home dcord. They have many valuable employees in their stores and distribution centers including executives, managers, assistant managers, and sales associates. They also have a cash flow from operations, short-term trade credit, borrowing under their revolving lines of credit, long-term debt, capital leases, and cash proceeds from their initial public offering. They offer a layaway program in which customers pay 20 percent Of their purchase and a $2 fee down and they aka payments every two weeks with 60 days to pay the layaway out (Cit Trends Inc. Form 10-K, 201 1). Cit Trends Competitive Position and Possibilities Cit Trends depends on suppliers having leftover inventory and they resourcefully purchase the inventory. They have good access to inventory. Some of their competitors have been going out of business. Their stores are in strip malls. Overall Cit Trends seems to have a fairly good competitive position (Haynes Publishing Group, 2011). Some of Cit Trends competitors include TAX Companies, Ross Stores, Coat, Burlington Coat Factory, Its Fashion, Rainbow, Dots, Fashion Cents, Simply Fashions, Wall-Mart, Roses, Target and Smart. The methods of competition used are fashion, assortment, pricing, and presentation of the merchandise. They also believe they offer a more inviting Store format than the off-price retailers, including using carpeted floors and remarkably displayed brands (Cit Trends Inc. Form 10-K, 201 1). Cit Trends faces many possibilities in competition. Many of their competitors are larger than them and have significantly better resources than them. As a result, the competitor may adjust better to changing market notations, take advantage of new opportunities and apply better pricing demands on suppliers than they can. Many of their competitors have better name recollection among customers than they do and purchase considerably more merchandise from vendors. These competitors may buy branded merchandise that Cit Trends cannot purchase because of their name recollection and relationships with their suppliers, or they may buy branded merchandise with better pricing reductions than Cit Trends. Their local and regional competitors have widespread knowledge of the customer base and may acquire more loyalty from customers than Cit Trends. If the customer base they serve is satisfied with the selection, quality, and price of their competitors products, customers might decide not to shop at Cit Trends. Furthermore, if their current competitors or other retailers choose to concentrate more on Cit Trends core customers, mainly African-American customers, they may have more difficulty in competing effectively, their business and results of their operations could be badly affected, and the market price of their common stock could suffer (Cit Trends Inc. Form 10-K, 201 1). Conclusion Performing an external and internal analysis of Cit Trends helps to identify heir strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. This process, better known as a SOOT analysis is a very helpful tool in strategic planning. The PEST analysis is used in assessing the external environment of Cit Trends.

Bad Research Paper Example Essay Example

Bad Research Paper Example Paper A bad roommate in my opinion is someone who has little respect for personal space and belongings. They will consider cleanliness as any part of their style from the kitchen to the shared restroom, and everything in between its all Just one large mess! Also I have noticed bad roommates can become bothersome by the level of noise they create. Whether loud voices or bumping music from a set of speakers, It became a really big problem for me especially at 2 a. M. In the morning. With my first roommate I lived with that seemed like a problem that would never end! Another annoyance of a bad roommate is when he/she becomes unreliable. For example not having the money for the bills on the date they are due, or when the person fulfill their end of an agreement It becomes frustrating. Not only could It possibly affect your credit, but It also causes a stressful situation for the responsible roommate. Good roommate on the other hand has the qualities that you would consider a good friend to possess. It is better to find someone to room with that Is compatible with your needs. Bad Research Paper Example Essay Sample We will write a custom essay sample on Bad Research Paper Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Bad Research Paper Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Bad Research Paper Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A Good or Bad Roommate A Good or Bad Roommate A Good or Bad Roommate Especially when it comes to cleanliness, animals, smoking, and even potential guests that may be coming through your house. A good roommate will always have respect for others wishes since it is not just their house alone. Good roommates also tend to give off a friendly vibe. You want to live with someone that is easy to communicate with so that there is no barrier between the two people. If you cannot communicate with your roommate then you might find out that your living in an unhealthy environment. Most importantly a good roommate has to be trustworthy.

Dothiepin Vs. Fluoxetine (Mechanism Of Action And Essays

Dothiepin Vs. Fluoxetine (Mechanism Of Action And Essays Dothiepin Vs. Fluoxetine (Mechanism Of Action And Pharmacodynamics) Comparison Between Mechanism of Action and Pharmacodynamics of Dothiepin and Fluoxetine Description of medicines Mechanism of action and pharmacodynamics Dothiepin Dothiepin is a tricyclic antidepressant. It acts by promoting the effectiveness of several amines (dopamine, norepinephrine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine, which is also known as 5HT and serotonin). It functions by inhibiting their reuptake at the terminals of nerve cells, thus leading to their prolonged presence at the synaptic cleft and an increased effect on the neuron.(1) The reuptake pumps for the above amines are responsible for reducing the concentration of these amines. Dothiepin works by blocking the pumps. According to the amine hypothesis, a decreased concentration of the amines and the resulting decrease in amine dependant synaptic transmission is associated with depression, therefore an increase in the above would help relieve the symptoms of depression. (2) Dothiepin has other actions as well. It reduces norepinephrine induced CAMP formation in the brain, as well as inhibiting the uptake of 5HT into platelets. It also has some anticholinergic and antihistaminic activity.(3) Dothiepin begins to take effect after approximately 2-3 weeks. Usual daily doses of Dothiepin range from 75mg to 200mg in the more severe cases. (2) Fluoxetine Fluoxetine belongs to a group of antidepressants known as the SSRIs, or Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. It functions is similar to that of dothiepin above. It also acts as a reuptake inhibitor, but is highly selective. It only inhibits 5HT reuptake, and lacks many of the less useful functions of dothiepin, such as the antihistaminic properties. (1) As above the result in increase in the presence of serotonin at the synaptic cleft results in a decrease in many symptoms of depression. Fluoxetine does however have some side effects including nausea, tremors, loss of libido and in some cases decreased sexual function. (2) It is also possible that it may have an effect on dopamine function. In some cases it also reduces sleep efficiency. (3) Daily doses of Fluoxetine range between 10mg and 60mg. However it has been found that effectiveness does not appear to be strongly related to dose. 20mg is as affective as 40mg, and there is some evidence to suggest that higher doses may be even less effective. However the lower doses result in fewer and less sever adverse effects.(3) Adverse effects or adverse drug interactions Dothiepin Adverse effects of dothiepin range from potentially life threatening to mildly discomforting. Fatalities associated with dothiepin include cardiac failure, neonatal cardio-respiratory failure, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation, stroke, congenital heart disease, haematemesis, aplastic anemia, leukopenia, hepatorenal syndrome, cholestatic jaundice, coma, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, aggravated Parkinsons disease, intrauterine death, renal failure, respiratory arrest. These however are very rare. (1) Other severe side effects include hepatitis, inappropriate ADH secretion, hypomania, and convulsions. Psychotic manifestations, e.g. paranoid delusions, may be brought about or worsened if already present. These symptoms are also very uncommon, though less life threatening than those listed above.(3) The less dangerous side effects are a bit more common, found in many patients, particularly those on higher doses of the drug. These include dry mouth, tachycardia, constipation, drowsiness, sweating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, tremor, rashes, and interference with sexual function.(3) The greatest dangers in overdose stem from convulsions, and the cardiac and respiratory effects listed above. (3) Adverse drug interactions include MAO inhibitors and SSRI's as concurrent administration may lead to increased plasma tricyclic levels. CNS depressants, including alcohol will also have an increased effect when taken in conjunctions with dothiepin. Anesthetics may increase the risk of arrhythmia. Antihypertensive agent activity may be reduced by dothiepin. Barbiturates may decrease the serum concentration of dothiepin, while methyl phenidate may increase it. Smoking may reduce the serum concentration of dothiepin by increasing its metabolism. (1) Fluoxetine Fluoxetine appears to have a lower incidence of adverse reactions, and these appear less severe than those associated with dothiepin. (2) Up to 1990 a total of 11 deaths that may be associated with fluoxetine were recorded in patients. However these were not NECESSARILY associated with the drug. The potentially life threatening side effects included hyponatremia, which appeared to be reversible when the patients stopped taking the drug. A very few cases of vasculitis have also been diagnosed. Cases of seizures and seizure like episodes in fluoxetine patients have also been recorded. Some patients developed mania.

Tax Havens or Offshore Financial Centre Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Tax Havens or Offshore Financial Centre - Thesis Example Recently some countries have emerged as evident tax havens and are attracting hefty capital inflow. Singapore, Hong-Kong, Barbdos etc are only a few to name. "In Asia, offshore interbank markets began to develop after 1968 when Singapore launched the Asian Dollar Market (ADM) and introduced the Asian Currency Units (ACUs). The ADM was an alternative to the London euro-dollar market, and the ACU rule enabled mainly foreign banks to engage in international transactions under a favorable tax and regulatory environment"Similarly in Europe, Luxembourg attracted investors from Germany, France and Belgium in the early 1970s (IMF, 2000) due to its low income tax rates, the lack of withholding taxes for nonresidents on interest and dividend income, and banking secrecy rules. On the same ground The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man provided very similar opportunities. Moreover Bahrain began to serve as a collection center for the region's oil surpluses during the mid 1970s, after passing ban king laws and providing tax incentives to facilitate the incorporation of offshore banks. In the Western Hemisphere, the Bahamas and later the Cayman Islands provided similar facilities. Following this initial success by other countries, a number of other small countries tried to attract this business. Many had little success, because they were unable to offer any advantage over the more established centers. This did, however, lead some late arrivals to appeal to the less legitimate side of the business.